Carburetor



Feb. 13, 1923. 1,445,328. H. V. LEAHY.

CARBURETOR- man 1AN.9, 1920. 'ariens-SHEET l.

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H. V. LEAHY.

CARBURETIOR. FILED JAN. 9, 1920l s SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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, v H. V. LEAH Y.

CARBURETOR.

FILED JAN. 9, 1920.. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Patented Feb. i3, i923@ entree states earner orties. l

HERBERT V. LEAHY, OF LOS NGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSGN MENTS, BRUWN AND :HERBERT V. LEAHY.

` eaannnnron.

Application filed January 9, 192e. Serial No. 350,278.

To @ZZ fic/omet may concern: Y

Be it ltnoivnthat l, Hnnnnn'r V. LEAHY, a citizen of the United States, residing,- at Los Angeles, in the county ot Los Angeles and `State of California, havey invented a new and useful Carburetor, ot which the following' a specication. i

The object ot this invention is to provide a construction in which a'primary annular air current of constant volume is' directed transversely across an annular fuel discharge throat oi a t'uel feed device, tor lower engine speeds or power, and combining therewith, beyond the `'fuel discharge throat, a variable main air current tor higher en# gine speeds or power.

Another `object is to direct said currents against a spreaderfhead and' to provide an automatic control valve co-operating with said head and operable bylthe suction ot the engine. f

Various other objects relate to the prevision ol ineens forbreaking` up the fuel into a maximum number of minute particles to produce an intimate mixture ot fuel and air, and to various features oit adjustment and regulation contributing' to the production ot' a carburetor of simple construction and ot `rc-at 'flexibility of'centrol.`

lilumerous other advantages will be more 'fully apparent troni the following;` detailed iflescription o'i" the accompanyiiur drawings which ,torni a part oli his ("lisclosure and lisf'hich illustrate a'preierred Yterm of enibodiment et the invention.

Of the drawings: p

F ig. l is a side elevation of my improved carburetor.

Fig. 2 is a top plan View.

Fig. 3 is an end elevation.

Fig. t is a central longitudinal section.

Fig. 5 isa section on line xsf-m5 ot Fig. fl.

Fig'. 6 is a detailed elevation olf' the fuel feed device.

Fig. 7 vis a section on line L-? ot' Fig. 6..

Fig. 8 is a section on line acs-ms ot Figlie. Fig; 9 is a detailed elevation oi the flanged thimble of the fuel ieed device.l

Fig. l0 is a detailed elevation oi the mixing tube.

Fig. ll is a detailed elevation ot the high speed valve. i

Fig. l2 is a detailed perspective view ot the adjustable fuel spraying sleeve.

Fig. 13 is a detailed perspective View ol the lock sleeve.

Fig. let is a transverse section on line w14-1t Of Fig. '1.

rlhe carburetor casing` l, provides a float chamber 2 and a mixing; chamber 3 having' an 'air inlet port el and a mixture outlet port 5 for communication 4with the intake manifold of anengine. The float chamber 2. contains a valve controlling float G functioning to maintain a constant liquid level therein. V

No further detailed description `ot the float mechanism will be herein `given as the specific details or' such mechanism will torni the subject matter of a separate applica tion and for the reason that any Well known float mechanism may be utilized in connec `tion with the present invention.

The float chamber connects by a pipe line T, With a "fuel supply nozzle tube 8 having` a port 9 controlled by a needle valve l0. Said needle valve has va screw-thread engagement with the base ot the nozzle tube to provide for a longitudinal adjustnient ot Y, valve lor control o' the port El. .et bushing ll. forming: the bottom wall. ot the miic iupl chamber, has a screw-thread engagement with the casing and the nozzle tube S is screw-threaded,into a central base in said bushing,` and retained in position by a lock nut 12.

The upper end of the nozzle tube 8, beyond the port 9, terms a secondary fuel passage 13 and the Walls of said passage are provided Witha plurality of radial fuel orifices 14E. rlliis construction provides a 'fuel supply nozzle tube communicating with the float chamber and having a secondary Yfuel passage controlled by a needle valve, the secondary tuel passage dischargingthe fuel through the radial fuel orifices.

`dial :tuel orifices 14 ol the nosizietube 8. ly

Mounted upon and surrounding the nozzle tube 8 there is provided a tubular spraying device comprising a sleeve (see Fig.

12) screw-threaded and adjustable on the nozzle tube, and a spreader head 17 screwthreaded upon the upper end ot the nozzle tube. rl`he opposed edges ol the sleeve 15 and the head 17 provide fan annular discharge throat 18 and are oppositely beveled inwardly to lorm an intermediate annular fuel chamber 19 communicating with the r)a axially adjusting the sleeve 1:3, the area of the discharge throat 1S can be varied as desired and after such adjustment has been made the sleeve is retained rinits adjusted positionby a loclrsleeve 2() (seeltig. lll)` sleeves is a lianged thimble y2l having an upper beveled sur'lace 22 and a screw-threaded flange 23 having a plurality of vertical `air passages 2Ll and an extended rim 25.

Said thimbleis clamped to the sleeve 20 in adjusted position by a set screw 26.

A conc-sleeve 27 has ascrew-thread enu gagement with the screw-threaded tlanger2-l et the thimble 21 and i'forms the outer wall oi" a primary annular air passageA 2S. ilhe cone sleeve has a beveled wall portion 29 cooperating withV the beveled surface 22 or the thimble 21, as a valve, to control 'the` volume of the primary ali' current passing through the an' passage 28.

rllhe sleeve 27is provided with recesses 3Q to accommodate any suitable wrench or tool for turning said sleeve and by suchturn- 'ing the sleeve will be longitudinally adjusted on the thimble. `The extended rim 25 of thethimble 21 has a notchcdouter pe riphery and secured to the lower portion ot thecone sleeve 27 is a spring detent 3l adapted to engage said notchesto maintain the cone sleeve in adjusted position. (See Figs. 645.).

,l/Vith reference to Fig. Ll, 'it will be seen that the thimble 21 is spaced from the bushing 11 providing an air passage 32 coinmunicating` with the main air supply portion ofthe mixing chamber.

The primary air current is drawn upwardly through the vertical air-passages 2e in the thimble 21 and the primary air passagek 28, and past the annular discharoe thi'oat 18 of thefuel nozzle. rlhis action 'longitudinal adjustment of the tube.

draws the fuel from the discharge throat and dii'ects the mixture upwardly against the surface ol the spreader head 1"? where it will be combined with the main air supply current trom the air port le rllhe control oi: the volumev of the main air supply current will now be explained. mixing tube has a flanged upper end by which it is secured inpos'ition by screws 36 extending through elongatedslots 37 in the main casing and' screw-threaded into the flange. This connection `provides for a The lower edge. olf said tube is notched to provide depending legs 38 and intermediate air ports 39. The legs 3S extend downwardly approximately to a position ol" contact with vthe surface or the cone sleeve 27 ,the conibined area .of the several air ports 39 providing a maximum main air supply. il vertically movable valve sleeve 40 surrounds the tube 35 and is movable downwardly to reduce the area ot the ports 39, said` ports being' entirely closed when the sleeve is in extreme lowerposition.

rlhe means for operating the valve sleeve l0 comprises a lever 41 having aiorked inner end which is pivotallyl connected to opposite sides of the valveslefeve by pivot screws i-2. (See `Fig. 'lheouter end oi" said lever is pivoted to ak stationary bracket 43 and at an intermediate point` is pivotally connected to a vertically movable' push rod" all. The rod 411.- extends upwardly through the casing and is connected with an eccentric strap 45 surrounding` and operated by an eccentric cam 46 fixed 'to a throttle valve shalt 4:7. rllhe rod l? is journaled in the casing and has secured thereto the usual throttle valve 48 positioned in lthe mixtureoutlet portv 5. A spring 49 interposed between the casing and a collar 5() on the rod slet, assists in returning to upper position and the throttle valve rod 117 has secured thereto a lever 51 which isconnected to any suit able operating means, such` as the thrette lever et an' automobile. This mechanism provides for a regulation of the .volume of the main air supply commensurate to rcgiila` tion et the throttle valve.

To control the volume et mixture drawn from the carburetor there lis provided an automatic suction-operated control valve 55, as a socalled hugh-speed7 valve, operating in varying degrees coincident to the suction created by the engine. The valve `which is oi" sleeve formation, is slidably positoned in the upper portion et the mixing tube between vthe throttlevalveA and the spreader head and is yieldingly maintained in downward position, contacting with the mixing tube35,"as shown in dotted linesin Figure 4, by a spring 56. yThe spring'engages the lower flanged portion olil the valve and also engages a collar 59 which forms a'guide for the upper portion of the valve. The collar 59 is attached t0 the casing by screws 60 which extend through elongated slots 61 providing for a longitudinal adjustment of the collar to regulate the tension of the spring. The lower portion of the valve 55 is turned inwardly to provide a restricted throat and beveled surfaces 58 which cooperate, as a valve, with the beveled surface 57 of the spreader head.

Having described in detail the mechanism as illust "ated, an explanation of the general koperation of the device will now be set forth.

Assuming that the carburetor is connected to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine and that the throttle valve 4:8 and main air control valve LO are closed, (the closed position of thel throttle valve not entirely closing` the outlet port 5) the operation is as follows: The engine is cranked in the usual manner and the comparatively slight suction produced in the mixing chamber will draw the prima-ry air current from the passage 32, upwardly through the vertical air passages 24, annular air passage Q8, the exit of which is regulated by the valve formed by the cooperating beveledwall surfaces 22 and 29, and past the fuel discharge throat 18. This primary air current draws the fuel from the throat 18 and directs the mixture upwardly against the peripheral surface of the spreader head 17. The fuel from the float chamber flows upwardly in the nozzle tube 10, through the valve controlled port 9 to the secondary fuel passage, and outwardly through the radial fuel orifices 14 to the annular fuel chamber 19.

To increase the speed of the engine, the throttle valve 48 and main air supply valve are simultaneously opened. The opening of the throttle valve serves to increase the degree of vacuum in the mixing chamber with the result that the automatic highspeed77 valve 55 will be raised to a corresponding degree to permit a greater volume of mixture being drawn through the mixing chamber and the opening of the air valve a() provides for the admission of additional air to the mixing tube, lt will be clear that the main air currentV from the air port a, in passing through the several air ports 39, will be deflected upwardly by the cone-sleeve 27 and directed against the surface of the spreader-head 17 when it combines with the mixture from the primary air passa-ge 28, the combined mixtures being broken up into exceedingly small particles by contact with the spreader-head and again by direct impact against the valve 55.

` rThe adjustment of the spring 5G of the chigh-speed valve is such that the valve will readily accommodate itself to the varying degree of vacuum in the mixing chamber and is also such that in case the throttle valve is very suddenly closed the valve 55 will function quickly to closed position and reversely, if the throttle valve is very sud denly fully opened the action of the valve 55 will be relatively sluggish so that the engine will not be suddenly flooded with a full. supply of fuel but will be supplied with a more gradually increasing supply of fuel as the speed of the engine increases.

Having described my invention, l claim:

A carburetor combining a casing providing` a mixing chamber having an air inlet port and an outlet port, a nozzle tube forming a main fuel passage and a secondary fuel passage, a valve controlling communication bet veen said passages, a sleeve adjustable on the tube, a. spreader` iead carried by the tube, the adjacent edges of said sleeve and head forming an annular fuel discharge throat and beveled inwardly to provide an intermediate annular fuel chamber', the noz- Zle having` radial fuel orifices establishing communication between the secondary fuel passage and the intermediate annular fuel chamber, a thimble surrounding and longitudinally adjustable relative to the sleeve and having a` beveled annular surface, a cone-sleeve surrounding and longitudinally adjustable on the thimble, said cone-sleeve defining an annular primary air passage and having a beveled surface cooperating with the beveled surface of the thimble as a valve to control the primary air passage, a mixing tube defining an annular main air passage surrounding the cone-sleeve and having air supply ports, and a tubular valve operative to control the area of tbe air supply ports.

Signed at Los Angeles, California., thisI 28th day of November, 1919.

HERBERT V. LEAHY. lllitnesses GEORGE H. HiLEs, L. BELLE lllnavnn. 

